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浅谈中等职业学校的分层次教学
【 [返 回] 点击数：3342 发布时间：2009/6/15 14:54:16 】 |
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-outline-level: 1" align=center><B><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><IMG onmousewheel="return zoom_img(event,this)" height=1 src="uploadfiles/2009630133015463.jpg" width=1 align=center border=0>浅谈中等职业学校的分层次教学</SPAN></B><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt"><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-outline-level: 1; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align=left><FONT size=3><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">一、</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">所谓分层次教学，即根据受者的个体差异，对其进行分类排队，按照由高到低的顺序将其划分为不同的层次，针对每个层次的不同特点，因材施教，借以实现既定的人才培养目标的一种教学方式。</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> </SPAN><B><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-font-kerning: 18.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></B></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT size=3><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">实施分层次教学，从根本上说是由我国中等职业教育的现状所决定的。是全面贯彻党的教育方针，大力推进素质教育所必须的。它决非权宜之计，而是中职教育改革和的必然选择。过去在计划体制下，学校按国家计划招生，学生毕业国家包分配、包当干部（简称双包）。虽然中专学历层次低，但对众多的、特别是农民子女来说，同样具有极大的吸引力和诱惑力。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">1998</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">年招生并轨改革后，逐步地进行了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">两包</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">改</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">两自</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">（自费上学、自主择业）的改革，而且随着发展的日新月异，经济结构的优化调整，传统产业升级换代，对人才需求的层次越来越高，在激烈的人才市场就业竞争中，中专生由过去的走俏变为现在的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">坐冷板凳</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">。这其中固然有就业宣传上的误导和人才市场上过份的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">高消费</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">等原因，但毋庸置疑，中专的黄金已经是昨天的故事。虽然中专教育的发展还会出现转机，但的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">"</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">阵痛</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">"</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">也足以使部分中专学校纷纷</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">落马</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">，这已经成为近年中专教育发展实践所证明了的不争的事实。招生难、就业难、收费难、管理难已经成为制约中专教育发展的瓶颈因素。由于招生难，中专学生由过去的挑挑捡捡，变为现在的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">一窝端</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">。在一个教学班中，个体素质差异之大，是可想而知的。在这种情况下，如果按同一标准、同一个模式组织教学，必然造成</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">吃不饱</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">与</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">吃不了</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">并存的局面，难以实现既定的人才培养目标，这样的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">产品</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">进入人才市场，可能更不受欢迎，从而形成恶性循环。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT size=3><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">那么，怎样才能使中专生招得来、学得进，能成才呢？比较现实的选择就是实行分层次教学。具体可概括为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">四分</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">，即分层教学、分类辅导、分段提高、分批推进。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">1</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">．学生入学后便组织摸底，根据入学成绩和摸底考试成绩，对学生进行分层（分班）。具体分层方案可考虑两种：一是分为快、中、慢三层；二是只分为快、慢两层。笔者认为，在试点工作的初期可考虑采用第二种方案为宜。当第一轮试点工作结束取得一定的经验后再进行更细的层次划分，这样更符合循序渐进的原则。快班在贯彻现有中专教学大纲，使学生掌握应职所需的知识和技能的基础上，侧重于基本和基础知识的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">加深</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">加高</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">和</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">加厚</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">，为学生升入高职学校深造和今后的继续奠定良好的基础。慢班则侧重于现有中专教学大纲中的技能训练，主要是为今后的应职就业做好准备。分层教学对于文化基础来说比较好操作，对于专业课来说难度相对大些，但经过缜密组织也是完全可以实施的。</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">2</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">．分类辅导</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">范文摘录自：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">wwW.faNweNyaNgBen.cOm <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT size=3><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">过去中专教学中特别强调</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">有课必导、课后必导</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">的原则，这一原则在今天社会主义市场经济体制下中专教学中更凸现出重要性。分层教学必须配合以分类辅导，否则它的作用就不能充分地得到发挥。分类辅导可分为课前辅导与课后辅导、个别辅导与集体辅导、课上辅导与课下辅导、专题辅导与普遍辅导等多种形式，教师要根据实际情况灵活地加以运用，才能取得事半功倍之效。</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">本范文来自：范文样本网</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> WWw.fanweNyaNgBen.cOm <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">3</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">．分段提高</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">范文样本</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> WWW.FANWENYANGBEN.COM <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT size=3><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">中专学制现在一般为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">3</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">－</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">4</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">年，多数专业为三年学制，个别特殊专业为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">4</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">年。学生在校的整个学习过程划分为若干个既相对独立、又相互联系的阶段。要因人制宜，设计阶段目标，限期达到。学生学习成绩的差异是客观的，正因为如此才提出了分层教学的。我们允许学生成绩的差异性，但绝不允许学生成绩停留在一个水平上而没有提高。要通过分层教学使每一名学生在每一个阶段都学有所得、学有进步。对于文化基础课来说，更要强调分段提高的问题。</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">4</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">．分批推进</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT size=3><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">目前的中专生虽然个体差异很大，但仍可以大体上划分为不同的群体、不同的批次。通过分层次教学，我们既可以达到分段提高之目的，而且要实现分批推进。如果说分段提高是对学生个体而言，那么分批推进就是对学生群体而言的。全面性和全体性是素质教育的两个非常重要的特征。我们要通过分层次教学，使全体学生的学业成绩都能分批次地波浪式前进、螺旋式上升。</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT size=3><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">二，实施分层次教学已经成为众多工作者的共识。那么如何搞好分层次教学呢？笔者根据多年的教学经验，认为应从以下几个方面和环节入手，扎实工作，认真组织，周密实施，稳妥操作。</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">1</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">．教学计划的制定</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT size=3><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">要根据国家的指导性教学计划，制定出的、切合实际的各专业的实施性教学计划。教学计划要一改过去计划体制</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">一刀切</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">一个模式</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">千面一孔</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">的弊端，最大限度地实现培养目标的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">多元化</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">。教学计划的大目标是使所有的学生都成才，但成为什么样的人才决不能强求划一。培养目标的多元化与分层次教学是相互呼应、相辅相成的。因此，搞好分层次教学的首要环节和关键是制定和修订教学计划。</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">2</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">．教学大纲的编写</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT size=3><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">要根据国家的指导性教学大纲，结合分层次教学的需要，组织有经验的教师编写实施性的教学大纲。教学大纲是组织教学的依据，是实现人才培养目标的保证。因此，原则上是在分层次教学中分几个层次，每门课程就编写出几套教学大纲。好的教学大纲是有效实施分层次教学的又一重要因素。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">3</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">．教材的选用</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT size=3><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">教育部《面向二十一世纪中等职业学校规划教材》，是结合中等职业教育全面推进素质教育，实施能力本位的要求，组织全国中职校优秀教师和实际工作者编写的，现在已经陆续出版发行，还有与之相匹配的教学大纲。这批教材不仅突出了性、技能性、适用性、实用性与可操作性，而且深浅适度，层次分明，很适用于目前中专学校的分层次教学。现在教育部门正在组织使用前的培训工作，各学校应加以重视，积极安排教师参加培训。</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">4</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">．教师的配备</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT size=3><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">教学过程是一个</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">双边</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">和</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">多边</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">过程，学生是主体，教师为主导。教学亦应贯彻</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">以人为本</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">的原则。分层次教学中的每一个教学层次都应配备精通业务、富有经验、勇于探索、甘于奉献的教师。特别是对于所谓的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">“</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">慢班</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">”</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">，我们更应配备在教学上强的教师，因为此群体属于重点提高的部分。教师队伍的配备是分层次教学取得成功的重要保证。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">5</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">．教学管理体制的改革</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT size=3><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">分层次教学是一种新的教学方式，必须全面加强教学管理，大胆地进行教学管理体制的改革。首先是动态管理。根据不同阶段学生成绩的升降情况相应地进行教学层次的调整，使之与实际情况相符，实现既定的人才培养目标；其次是体制创新。要大胆地进行学分制、弹性学制和多证制等改革尝试；最后是搞好常规管理。安排好不同层次学生的实验实习，合理调度教室，安排好教学进程等。</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">6</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">．成绩考核办法的改革</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT size=3><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">要改革学生成绩考核办法，实现成绩考核的经常化、标准化。特别是要探讨不同层次学生成绩的横向比较，为学生在校期间的评优、评先和毕业时的推荐就业提供依据。分层次教学是因材施教、分类指导等教学原则的具体运用，是全面提高学生素质，保证人人能成才，个个都提高，实现人才培养目标的需要。决不能把学生分成三、六、九等。</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> </SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">写作范文学习</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">www.fanwenyangben.com <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">7</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">．激励机制的建立</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT size=3><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">实施分层次教学，既要通过舆论宣传，提高教师的认识，以形成共识，产生合力；又要合理地进行利益分配，建立激励机制，调动教师积极性，以产生动力。对担任不同层次教学任务的教师，要根据他们的工作数量和质量，确定合理的课时酬金分配办法，保证及时、足额兑现。贯</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">"</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">效率优先、兼顾公平</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">"</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">的原则，建立起校内利益分配和激励机制。</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">8</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">．教学手段和实习基地建设</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <SPAN lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></SPAN></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align=left><FONT size=3><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">为了适应分层次教学的需要，必须完善教学手段，加强校内外实习基地的建设。根据建立主义市场经济体制的要求。按照教育资源配置的最优化原则，结合中等职业学校的实际情况，其校内实习基地应努力实现产业化、商品化、规模化和化，达到高、高效益、高质量、高产出的要求，建立起自我调节、自负盈亏、自我积累、自求的机制，做到农、科、教相结合，产、学、研相结合。要实施开放式办学，探索全方位、多层次、多途径建设实习基地的路子，实行校企联合、校乡（镇）联合、校区（高科技产业园区）联合、校校联合等等，把校内外实习基地做大、做好、做强，以促进中等职业学校再振雄风，再创辉煌。</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: black; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Lucida Sans Unicode'; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> </SPAN></FONT></P>
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